Scalp cooling appliance



March 8, 1938. w FERGuS QN 2,110,463

SCALP COOLING APPLIANCE Filed July 2s, 1935 2 sheets sheet 1 March8,1933; H. w. FERGUSON SCALP COOLING APPLIANCE Filed July 23, 1935 2Sheets-Sheet 2 17/117014 WFi'ksuswv,

Patented Mme, less 1 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE This invention relatesto a scalp cooling appliance.

One object of the invention is to provide a 7 use during the operationof a. permanent waving machine to cool the scalp by passing cool airover the scalp and under the waving apparatus l and the protectorsthereof in such a manner as not to interfere with the various types ofheaters or parts used for curling the hair. A further object of theinventionis to provide a scalp cooling appliance of this character whichmay be mounted on a chair at the back thereof or otherwise supported andcapable of vertical adjustment to compensate 'for variations in theheight or the head oi a person above the back of the chair. I Anotherobject of the invention is to provide a scalp cooling appliance equippedwith a plurality of individual air ducts or tubes capable of adjustmentto vary thev length of the same and thereby afford individual adjustmentto each of the ducts or tubes for conveniently arranging scalp coolingtubes or ducts in the desired position on the head of a person withrelation to the hair curling devices, heating elements and protectors ofa permanent waving machine.

A further object of the invention is to provide flexible elliptical orflattened scalp cooling tubes adapted to conform to the configuration ofthe head of a person and designed to be arranged between and extendpartially beneath and be retained in position by opposite spacedprotectors which are employed in conjunction with the heaters 01 apermanent waving machine.

It is also an object of the invention to provide a scalp cooling tube ofthis character provided at opposite sides with discharge orificesadapted to emit air at frequent intervals along the sides of the tubefor passing a layer of cool air over the scalp and under the protectorsand heaters whereby the scalp may be maintained in a cool,

comfortable condition while the heaters are in use.

A further object orthe invention is to provide means carried by thescalp cooling tubes for directing the currents of jets of air downwardlyupon the scalp so that all of theair discharged irom the scalp coolingtubes will be effective for cooling the scalp.

Another object of the invention is to provide for scalp coolingappliances a shallow scalp coola 56 ing tube adapted to be arranged uponthe head of a person and having its transverse dimension materiallygreater than its vertical dimension to increase the capacity of the tubewithout increasingits height and to provide a bottom surface which willprevent the tube from rolling on 5 the head, of a person and fromdisplacing side openings provided in the tube for the discharge of acooling medium over the scalp.

A further object of the invention is to provide means for preventing theflattened elliptical scalp 10 cooling tubes from collapsing and also toequip the scalp cooling tubes with terminal means located at the outerends of the tubes for engaging the hair to assist in retaining the tubesin proper adjustment and prevent them from being. accil8 dentallywithdrawn from beneath the protectors.

It is still further designed to'provide a scalp cooling tube adapted forarrangement upon the head of a person and having openings in a sidethereof for the discharge of a cooling medium 20 and at the bottomthereof being, relatively broad and flat to resist rolling of thetube inuse and thereby maintain the discharge openings of the tube in properposition with relation' to the scalp, the tube being provided with meansfor perma- 25 nently maintaining its shape with said broad flat surfaceat the bottom thereof.-

It is' still iurther designed to provide a hair cooling applianceincluding a flexible member adapted to conform to the shape of the users0 head and provided with means for causing air to be deflecteddownwardly onto the users scalp to cool the same.

With these and other objects in view, the invention consists in theconstruction and novel 35 combination and arrangement ofpartshereinafter fully described, illustrated in the accompanying drawingsand pointed out in the claims hereto appended, it being understood thatvarious changes in the form, proportion and minor de- 40 tails ofconstruction, within the scope of the claims, may be resorted to.without departing from the spirit or sacriflcing'any oi. the advantagesoi the invention In the drawings:-- 45 Fig. 1 is a side elevation of ascalp cooling appliance constructed in accordance with this inventionand shown mounted on the back of a chair and illustrating thearrangement of the scalp cooling tubes on the head 01 a person. 50

Fig. 2 is atransverse sectional view taken substantially on the line 2-2of Fig. 1, illustrating the arrangement of the scalp cooling tubes.

Fig. 3 is a horizontal sectional view of one oi the scalp cooling tubestaken on the line 3-8 of Fig. 4 and looking in the direction of thearrow.

Fig. 4 is a'transverse sectional view of one ofthescalpcoolingtubestakenonthelinel-lof Fig. 3.

Fig. 5 is a longitudinal sectional view.of the air distributing means.

l'ig. 6 is a transverse sectional view of the same taken on the line 0-0of Fig. 5.

Fig. 7 is a detail sectional view taken on the line 1-1 of Fig. 5.

In the accompanying drawings, in which is illustrated the preferredembodiment 'of the invention, the scalp cooling appliance may be mountedon the back I of a chair or any other suitable support and be operatedby an ordinary air blower (not shown). The supporting means may bevaried, if any used, and the appliance includes telescoping tubes I and4 constituting a,

main air conduit and adjustable to compensate for the height of the head5 of a person above the back I of the-chair or other support. Of course,the appliance may be supported above the user's head. In any event, asshown for purposes of illustration, the tube 4 may be mounted on theback I. of a chair or any other convenient. portion thereof in anydesired manner. It is preferably secured to the chair by means of aclamp O of the ordinary construction and a gasket I of rubberor othersuitable material is mounted on the tube I and interposed between thesaid telescoping tubes 3 and 4 at one end of the tube 4 to form anair-tight Joint and also to provide frictional means for maintaining thetube 3 in its adjusted position. 7

The tube or pipe I is connected stem end with a suitable casing 8 havingan air distributing chamber 9. The casing I, as shown, is approximatelytriangular and tapers downwardly in width as shown in lfig. 5, andupwardly in transverse depth as shown in Fig. 1. The casing 5 may be ofother formation.

The tube 3 is connected to one end of theming I and communicates withthe chamber 9 and the outer end of the chamber is' provided with aplurality of relatively fixed tubes it into which telescopingly fitrelatively adjustable tubes ll constructed of metal or other suitablerigid material. The telescoping tubes Ill and II which form individualextensible air distributing members or ducts are adapted to belengthened and shortened to enable flexible scalp cooling tubes I! to beproperly adjusted and positioned on the scalp of a person, asillustrated in Fig. l of the drawings. The individual telescopic airdistributing members, five of which are shown in Fig. 5, may be of anydesired number, and they are provided at the outer ends of therelatively fixed tubes Ill with flexible collars ll of rubber or othersuitable material to form. air-tight Joints at the telescopingconnection between the tubes II and ii.

The scalp cooling tubes I! are preferably constructed of rubber or otherflexible material and have reduced inner terminal portions it which areconnected by flexible coupling sleeves II with the outer ends of thetubes I! and are substantially elliptical in cross section and therebyfiattened and adapted to fit against the scalp of a person beneath thehair curling devices ll, heaters .II and protectors ll of a permanentwaving machine, as clearly illustrated in Fig. 2 of the drawings. The Iflattened scalp cooling tubes are adapted to extend partially beneaththe common opposite spaced heater protectors 7 and they are therebyretained in position on the scalp by the said protectors and are enabledto cool the scalp below the protectors without ai'-, fecting theeillciency of the heaters or interfer-- ing with-the operation 'of thecurling or other hair treating devices. In practice, the curlingdevices, heaters and protectors are arranged in rows, as illustrateddiagrammatically in Fig. l of the drawings, and the flexible scalpcooling tubes which are adapted to conform automatically to theconfiguration of the head of a person are located between the rows ofcurling devices below the heaters and the protectors.

The flattened flexible scalp cooling tubes are provided at oppositesides with orifices I! located at intervals and adapted to emit air atopposite sides of the scalp cooling tubes and at frequent intervals. Inorder to enable the air to be di- .rected downwardly against the scalp,the scalp cooling tubes are provided at opposite sides with airdeflectors I. located above the orifices l5 and if desired, they may becurved-downwardly, as clearly shown inFig. 4 of the drawings. Thedeflectors is preferably consist of flaps and may be conveniently formedby a strip of rubber or other suitable material secured to the scalpcooling tubes and extending longitudinally of the same and projecting atopposite sides thereof. The strips 10 may be secured to the tubes in anysuitable manner and the latter may be prevented from collapsing byinteriorly arranged light coil springs 2| composed of substantiallyelliptical convolutions which flt the inner surfaces of the scalpcooling tubes. Any other suitable means may, however, be employed forpreventing the scalp cooling tubes from collapsing and which will notinterfere with the flexibility of the tubes or thedischarge of airtherefrom.

The outer ends 22 of the scalp cooling tubes are closed and formrelatively solid extensions through which pass wires 28 havinglaterallybent ends 24 and forming a pair of laterally extending hooks which areadapted to engage'with the hair of a person to asist in maintaining thescalp cooling tubes in position and to prevent the same from beingwithdrawn from the-head of a person. While the scalp cooling tubes areshown provided at each side with a laterally extending hook, one of thehooks of each of the tubes may,

of course, be omitted.

The scalp cooling appliance is adapted to be readily applied to thescalp of a person and may be used with various types of permanent wavingor other hair curling machines. The broad fiat surface at the bottom ofthe scalp cooling tube is adapted to prevent the scalp cooling tube fromrolling, and it maintains the discharge openings i proper position withrelation to the scalp when the scalp cooling tube is used with permanentwaving machines which do not have protectors arranged to extend over thescalp cooling tube and hold the same in proper position on the head of aperson. The vertical adJustment of the main air duct enables the airdistributing casing and the air distributing tubes to be arranged atdifierent elevations to compensate for variations in theheight of thehead of persons from the back of the chair and the individually adJustable telescoping tubes of the air distributing casing enable thescalp cooling tubes to be ad- Justed longitudinally to enable them to bear-' ranged in the desired position on the scalp of a person and withrelation to the curling and heating devices of a permanent waving orother hair curling machine and "while the scalp cooling tubes are shownas extending longitudinally of the scalp 2,110,408 from the back of thehead to the front thereof they may, of course, be disposed transverselybetween the rows of heating and curling elements. The scalp coolingtubes discharge air over'the scalp and maintain a cool layer oi! airover the scalp below the heaters and beneath the protectors I'l so thatthe scalp is maintained in a cool condition -while the heaters are inoperation. Moreover, as the cool air is discharged downwardly againstthe scalp below the protectors, the scalp cooling device will notdiminish or otherwise affect the efliclency of the heaters of themachine. I I

The tubes l2 are flexible and extend from the telescoping tubes H andare fitted on the upper ends of the same to form air-tight connectionswith the said tubes II. The flexible tubes l2 may be of any desiredlength and they permit the necessary movement or adjustment of 'thescalp cooling tubes to enable the latter to be arranged on the head of aperson ,in the desired positions with relation to the curling devices,

heating elements and protectors of the machine.

ing a vertical adjustmentfor the scalp cooling appliance to compensatefor variations in the height of the head of a person above the back ofthe chair, a casing communicating with and carried by the upper tubularmember of the main air conduit and having an air distributing chamberand provided with a, plurality of individual relatively rigid airdistributing members, and a plurality of flexible scalp cooling tubesconnected with the said individual air distributing members and adaptedto be arranged against the scalp of a person and provided with means fordischarging cool air over the scalp.

2. A scalp cooling appliance comprising a main air conduit, a casingcommunicating with and carried by the main air conduit and having an airdistributing chamber, a plurality of adjustable individual airdistributing members composed of relatively rigid telescopinglyconnected tubes permitting individual lengthening and shortening of thedistributing members, and scalp cooling tubes connected with theadjustable air distributing members and provided with means for thedischarge of air.

3. A scalp cooling appliance including a plurality of air deliveringscalp cooling tubes adapted to be arranged upon the head of a person andhaving air discharge orifices and provided with means projecting fromthe tubes above the orifices for directingagainstthe scalp the airdischarged fromthe orifices.

4. A scalp cooling appliance including a plurality of flexible airdelivering scalp cooling tubes approximately elliptical in cross sectionand adapted when placed upon the head of a person to conform to theconfiguration of the scalp and provided at opposite sides with airdischarge orifices, and means for directing the air downwardly againstthe scalp, said means consisting of flaps projecting from the sides ofthe scalp cooling tubes and curved downwardly over the orifices.

' 5,. A scalp cooling appliance including a plurality of air deliveryingscalp cooling tubes designed to be arranged upon the head of a personand provided at opposite sides with air discharge orifices arranged atintervals, and strips of ma-.- terial secured to the-tubes and extendinglongitudinally-thereof at the top otthe same and prorality of flexiblescalp cooling tubes'having oriflces for the discharge of air against thescalp of a person and provided at theouter ends with means for engagingthe hair to assist in retain-.

ing the tubes in position on the head of a person.

7. A scalp cooling appliance comprising a plurality of flexible scalpcooling tubes having orifices for the discharge of air against the scalpof a person, each of said tubes being provided with a laterallyprojecting hook arranged to engage the hair for limiting longitudinalmovement of the tubes on the scalp.

8. A scalp cooling appliance comprising a. plurality of flexible scalpcooling tubes having orifices for the discharge of air against the scalpof a person, said tubes being closed at their outer ends and providedthereat with laterally extending elements secured to the closed ends ofthe tubes and forming hooks for engaging the hair of a. person to limitlongitudinal movement of the tubes.

9. A scalp cooling appliance comprising a main air conduit, asubstantially triangular casing communicating with said conduit andtapered in width downwardly and in. depth upwardly and provided at thetop with a plurality of rigid tubes, adjustable tubes telescoping intothe rigid tubes, a plurality of flexible scalp cooling tubes adapted tobe arranged upon the head of a person and provided with means fordischarging air against the scalp, and means for connecting the scalpcooling device to the adjustable tubes.

10. A scalp cooling appliance comprising a casing having an airdistributing chamber and provided with a plurality of rigid tubesprojecting from the casing and communicating with said chamber, flexiblescalp cooling tubes adapted to be arranged upon the head of a person andprovided with means for discharging air against the scalp and havingreduced terminal portions, and means including flexible couplings forconnecting the reduced terminals of the scalp cooling tubes to the tubesof the casing.

' 11. A scalp cooling appliance comprising a casing having anairdistributing chamber and provided with a plurality oi. rigid tubescommunicating with the chamber, adjustable tubes telescopingly connectedwith the rigid tubes, flexible collars arranged on the said tubes andforming an air-tight joint at-the telescoping connections of the same,and flexible scalp cooling tubes adapted to'be arranged on the head of aperson and having means for discharging air against the scalp, and meansfor connecting the scalpcooling tubes to the adjustable tubes.

12. A scalp cooling appliance comprising a casing having an airdistributing chamber and provided with a plurality of rigid tubesprojecting .from the casing and communicating with the chamber, flexibleair cooling tubes adapted to, be

arranged upon the head of a person and provided with means fordischarging air 'over the scalp for cooling the same, and meansincluding flexible tubes for connecting the scalp cooling tubes with therigid tubes of the casing.

13. A scalp cooling appliance including a 'flexible member provided withopenings for discharging air therefrom, and means projecting from themember .i'or directing-the air downwardly against the scalp to cool thelatter.

14. The combination with a hair cooling machine including hair -curlingdevices. spaced rows.

each provided with overhanging means engageable by said protectors toretain the tubes in position for discharging air against the scalp for16. The combination with a hair curling machine comprising hair curlingdevices, and spaced rows of heating elements provided with scalp protectors, of a scalp cooling appliance including a plurality of scalpcooling tubes flexible throughout their lengths designed to be'arrangedupon the head 01 a person under the protectors oi said heating elementsand provided with means for discharging air against the scalp, saidtubes being substantially elliptical in cross sectionand retained inplace by the said heating elements and their protectors.

17. A scalp cooling appliance including a flexible .scalp coolingtubeadapted to be arranged upon the head oia person and provided withmeans arranged to engage the hair for holding the scalp cooling tube inplace.

18. A scalp treating appliance including a hair treating device, aprotector located beneath the scalp treating device and interposedbetween the same and the head oi a person when in use, and a scalpcooling tube adapted to be arranged on the head oi a person andsubstantially elliptical in cross section and extending under theprotector and held in place by the same.

19. A head cooling appliance including spaced protectors adapted to bearranged beneath hair treating devices, and a scalp cooling tubeapproximately elliptical in cross section and presenting a flattened topsurface extending beneath and engaged by said protectors to hold thescalp cooling tube in place. I

20. The combinationwith a hair cooling machine including hair curlingdevices and spaced/ rows of heating devices provided with scalpprotectors, oi a cooling appliance including a tube ,to be arranged uponthe head of a person under opposite rows of protectors oi the heatingdevices sidesthereottodischargeairoverthescalpbeneath the respectiveopposite rows 01' heating devices to cool the scalp inproximity to theheating devices and between and under and beyond the same during thehair treatment period.

21. A scalp treating appliance including an air conduit, a distributingchamber supplied with air by said conduit, a plurality of flxed'tubularmembers communicating with the distributing chamber, a plurality ofadjustable tubular memscalp cooling tube being flattened and approxi-.

mately elliptical in cross section to present to the scalp a relativelybroad suriaceand bring the discharge openings close to the scalp, thesubstantially elliptical shape or the tube being adapted to resistrolling of the same and thereby maintain the discharge openings inproper position and said'scalp cooling tube having means for permanentlymaintaining it in its substantially elliptical shape.

23. A scalp cooling appliance including a scalp cooling tube adapted tobe arranged upon the head of a person and having in a side thereofopenings for the discharge of a cooling medium, said scalp cooling tubehaving at the bottom a broad flat surface to flt against the head 0! aperson to prevent rolling of the tube in use and thereby maintain thedischarge openings of the tube in proper position with relation to thescalp and said scalp cooling tube being provided with means forpermanently maintaining its shape writh said broad flat surface at thebottom there- 0 24. A scalp cooling appliance including a shallow scalpcooling tube adapted to be arranged upon the head .01 a person andprovided in a side of it with openings for the discharge or a coolingmedium and having atthe bottom a broad flat surface to flt against'thehead of a person and to prevent rolling of the tube and thereby maintainthe discharge openings in proper position with relation to the scalp,said tube having its transverse dimension materially greater than itsvertical dimension thereby providing a tube of increased capacitywithout increasing the height of the tube. 25. vA scalp coolingappliance including a relatively long substantially shallow scalpcooling tube having its transverse dimension at least twice as great asits vertical dimension to increase the capacity of the tube 'withoutincreasing its height and to provide a bottom surface to prevent-rollingof the tube on a person's scalp and provided in a side with openings forthe discharge of a cooling medium under pressure from the interior ofthe tube over the scalp 0! the person.

HAROLD W. FERGUSON.

